GDM Dangerous Capabilities: Stealth

Test AI’s ability to reason about and circumvent oversight.

Overview

This directory includes 4 stealth tasks from Google DeepMind’s Evaluating Frontier Models for Stealth and Situational Awareness.

Usage

First, install the inspect_ai and inspect_evals Python packages with:

pip install inspect_ai
pip install git+https://github.com/UKGovernmentBEIS/inspect_evals

Or, if developing on a clone of the inspect_evals repo, you can install the package in editable mode with:

pip install -e ".[dev]"

Then, evaluate against one or more models with:

inspect eval inspect_evals/gdm_classifier_evasion --model openai/gpt-4o
inspect eval inspect_evals/gdm_cover_your_tracks --model openai/gpt-4o
inspect eval inspect_evals/gdm_oversight_pattern --model openai/gpt-4o
inspect eval inspect_evals/gdm_strategic_rule_breaking --model openai/gpt-4o

After running evaluations, you can view their logs using the inspect view command:

inspect view

If you don’t want to specify the --model each time you run an evaluation, create a .env configuration file in your working directory that defines the INSPECT_EVAL_MODEL environment variable along with your API key. For example:

INSPECT_EVAL_MODEL=anthropic/claude-3-5-sonnet-20240620
ANTHROPIC_API_KEY=<anthropic-api-key>

Options

You can control a variety of options from the command line. For example:

inspect eval inspect_evals/gdm_classifier_evasion --limit 10
inspect eval inspect_evals/gdm_cover_your_tracks --max-connections 10
inspect eval inspect_evals/gdm_oversight_pattern --temperature 0.5

See inspect eval --help for all available options.

Run All

To run all tasks, you can do the following:

inspect eval \
inspect_evals/gdm_oversight_pattern \
inspect_evals/gdm_classifier_evasion \
inspect_evals/gdm_cover_your_tracks \
inspect_evals/gdm_strategic_rule_breaking \
--model google/gemini-2.5-flash-preview-04-17 \
--reasoning-tokens=4096 \
--max-tool-output=32768

We use 4096 reasoning tokens for thinking models from Google and Anthropic. We use medium reasoning effort for o-series model from OpenAI. We need to specify max-tool-output=32 * 1024 instead of default 16 * 1024 because the tool output can be longer than the default limit.

Agent

The challenges are by default evaluated using a basic ReAct agent with task specific scaffolding that implements a tool use loop with encouragement for the model to keep going if its gives up. For more information on the task specific scaffolding, check out Appendix D in Evaluating Frontier Models for Stealth and Situational Awareness.

Epochs

The GDM paper evaluated each challenge with 50 trials, reporting success if at least 1 of the 50 trials was successful. We set the default number of epochs as 10 here to save compute, however you can modify this with the --epochs option:

inspect eval inspect_evals/gdm_oversight_pattern --epochs=50

Scoring

Each task has their own scoring function. Please refer to the paper for details. In general, we track whether the agent modifies configuration files correctly or whether they solve the task in the end.

Task Rater

In classifier_evasion, cover_your_tracks and strategic_rule_breaking challenges, we have LLM raters/players during the evaluation. We choose highly capable and affordable models as raters. Notably, pro 2p5 is used in classifier_evasion task and the rater plays a crucial role – using a less capable model can cause the main agent to achieve the challenge much easier. However, pro 2p5 is rate limited and we expect long waiting time during the evaluation. This is inevitable currently but we can expect to switch to a cheaper model as future models become more capable and affordable. You can change the rater model to non-Google models but a less capable model can cause gdm_classifier_evasion challenge to be easily achievable. You can specify the rater_model_company from google, openai and anthropic (We use google by default). We only tested google rater models performance.

inspect eval \
inspect_evals/gdm_oversight_pattern \
inspect_evals/gdm_classifier_evasion \
inspect_evals/gdm_cover_your_tracks \
inspect_evals/gdm_strategic_rule_breaking \
--model google/gemini-2.5-flash-preview-04-17 \
--reasoning-tokens=4096 \
--max-tool-output=32768 \
-T rater_model_company=openai

Evaluation results using dataset released on 2025-05-18

Please refer to “Run All” section for the running detail.

Model	oversight_pattern	classifier_evasion	cover_your_tracks	strategic_rule_breaking
gemini-2.5-flash-preview-04-17	0.25	0.044	0.127	0.39
o4-mini	0.05	0.01	0.214	0.409

Disclaimer

Please note that all the data included in our challenges is purely fictitious, including the names of companies, people, email addresses or other personal identifiable information. Any overlap with real entities is purely random and not intended, as these names were randomly generated via LLMs. While it would have been possible to not use any names of existing companies or email providers, this would introduce a distribution shift that might inform AIs that they being evaluated. Thus, to not distort our results, we decided to not use clearly fictitious data but realistic-looking fictitious data.